Cleaning medium for animal and vegetable textile fibers or textile materials



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Pregame CANON @F TEXT Drawing. N,

. r-iIheipr esent;invention: relates to a method of cleaning animal; and evegetable textile fibers tor;

textile materials. 1 .2

rFor; the. purposezofgeneralpreparation and for: i theiremovalof .the .mechanically;.=adhering im-;

purities andi'alsothe :oil, -fat, wax,1gresin or; bitue' men;presen'tsin the natural stateior added during the treatment; the vegetable or animalfibers required for :the; production of textile materials, onilalsoxthe iyarns,;.fabrics, .etc. made from thesame: arewmostly after a preliminary washing; disgestion or; roasting operation'-treatedwith Weak alkaline solutions or. alkaline soapisolutions at increased temperature... lt has' also been; proposedto employ alkaline soapsgwith the addition ofa .small quantity-of solvent-forthel same-purpose.

.-1Whereas,..generally speaking, are eterious ,to,.textil'effibers as they .act to reduce'theji breaking; strength of the zfibers', :and make the same; brittle: and difficult to spin, there is more particularlydnothe:caseofanimal fibers, for ex-' ample rawrlwool, an' additionalweakening of the 1 material by ;reason 'of;.the fact that the samesis robbed by the alkali of the. naturali sulphur coritentythus being deprived of itsreducing property. Both raw wool as well as wool products or" partly. finished-%;Lproducts.iare' extremely .sensitive--;-to relatively thigh: temperatures; The hydrolization products, which. are particularly tim portant; as :regards the feel; the strength-and the vfinishicofthe woolare l'expelled by the heat;

this also'applyingi'to the keratins', albumins, globulins, .collagens: andzother; albumen substances contained ::in animal 'andwegetable' fibers' and' causing their elasticity. additional disadvantage associated with the hitherto-known methods of cleaningir'aw'fibers consists in the fact that any assailing,iatty'substances emulsify during thecleaning operation by reason of saponification resulting from the alkalis and alkaline soaps employed, and can only be removed again with a considerable amount of trouble, whereby 4 impurification by reason of the fatty acids con- 5:

tained in the soap and likewise separated during this operation is not to be avoided.

The textile fibers, yarns, fabrics, etc. freed from all impurities and thoroughly washed may 0. be subjected to the additional bleaching or other processes by treatment with bleaching agents acting in a reducing or oxidizing manner, or to any other desired treatment. The performance of the complete operation, which in reality consists of a number of consecutive digesting and cleaning processes, necessitates large and ex- Foe Am AL; AND? p ns v appa u 1 a d ,..ooi S d. b i Qu of space. ,%;Ac d -now,;t 1 t e 5 p e z moii fibrous material is accorded very exten s i;ve con sideration anda much higher class product ob;- tained y r a ono t e fa t. ha bo the. 1 5. Ofalkalis or alkaline soaps ash/111,355 the application of increased temperatures; is; dispensed w h an id pr per n a dao o iin a ent moi-1 ably inco1du o l beineoni lo dtio .pl o thereof;- For removing the fatty impurities fate; dissolving, agents of different kinds or mix- Wes f these, r e ployed. on e to vint aan; mulsiomhyz-tho ieao ;.a.; i lie oe eeot hl mucusas pr t e oo i: nd-sta iz i acid m n i .o es' pi lool dispersion, which .emuls' n 1? a ent au n th sso ut on o he l ou fattnwax re nousan itu n subs ano v consists ia mixture .oiiv a i e oreenioiowi solving-l substances, the total density of; which is; pproximat ly eq t tha o i o v co i persi n-a en Th b eac n t on; h rowor alsop e, treated or pa lyzwo ked be s: is r u d y ho eso wlo kaao o a zao d. s s l on; a y uitabl v om mix ure which i o er ily J capable of being expelled; byrinsing; and; which. induces the textile fibers to beopened'out and t .eiv im i sth y oon aini without disturbingthe colloida ag lT-i gation,- j We, have discovered that, inter alia, the followingsubt e ar partic r rsu blocio the; sta ed purpose; A sulphurous acid, sodium bisulphite, hydrosulphite, chlorosulphonic acid, boric. acid, ph h r o d,- b nzo o ao dr o m d o l o acid wtartaric :acid, lactic acid or. :compounds thereof, if necessary with the addition of peroxides orother agentsacting in an oxidizing or, reducingsense;;-Thenature and the quantity, of the acid addition depends on the nature of the, fiber and on the desired bleaching action.

According to the invention there is employed as emulsion negotiating medium between the fat solvent phase and the acid watery dispersion agent for forming the necessary colloidal fat solvent-in-water emulsion a proteinous vegetable mucus in a certain proportion suitable for producing a sol condition, and this may be gum, alga or also moss and tang mucusses, viz., mixed with each other or with one of the vegetable mucusses in a concentration producing a colloidal state. The homogeneous dispersion of the ingredients causing the cleansing of the fibers, which is thus obtainable, may, according to the invention, be

near an nimiiti additionally stabilized by adding to the emulsion "a certain quantity of alcoholic formalin solution until by reason of the same the stickiness and the Water-solubility of the mucusses contained in the emulsion are in' part again eliminated without affecting" the gelatinous soak." -In certain instances a satisfactory cleansing action in ,cold solution may be obtained by the liquid fat-dissolving agents and the proteinous vegetablemucusses alone, which are,included"n ,the cleaning agent, as the inucussesf piclc up'fari'd 'mechani;

cally bind the fatty and other impurities "sepa rated from the fibers, and thus become charged with the same, so that mesemayse readily ex 'pelled upon the rinsing operation. It has further-- more been ascertained that this effect may bestill A further amplified by a smalliaddition ofsour mm;

orskimmed milk, the cleaning'and bleaching ef:

fect of which may be assumed to be readily known loidal coating in thefs lged viscous mucous solut mf r ate'r than; ,when fusing the solvent alone. A fine einulsion joithis' kind with col loidaldispersion is capable of penetrating deeply into -the moist fibers and of thereexrtmg a ige'rous action inthfi'dESQl of-,tlj ef attysubstances which 'ir'i'ay fbei present ignie same accordingly fulfils" the, ,burpose 'of the alkaline soap lyes 'o'the'r} Wisei sually mmdyeapm inore'complete'fa'sh ion and also in'amanner' whifch, doesnothave the same detrimentalaction on the fibers." 'inegsqn vent charged vgith the f atty substances and the like may'be readnyexpeneu'fmm thefiners with: out trace byth'e-use'ofcold'rinsingjwaten j The ,mucous' colloidal dispersion agent not only exerts i fiiiing' action of, the. emulsified "solvent on, the f fatty textile fibejrs, but also, prevents too', sudden action oi -the ,ac idon the substance of the fibersf.' Due to' thje' protein'content of the vegetable 'muc1 1s,'v the fibers" are, maintained in. a pliable condition, theselflfiberjs' absorb, said mucus after the fat has.beenremoved, in this manner not Tonly'is the exposed j'fiber. stnength erred in its structure, but also the potv'efof ab' sorpti'onv and accordingly}, its dyeing "capability and. adaptability for. spinning, p rposes are-gin; creased without flosing in I any way, extensibility and weight, "so' that Tthejfibers or' fabric "has a softer touchv and a, smoother and more glossy appearancei i I An additional advantage associated with the use of the cleaning agent according to the invention consists in the combination thus rendered possible of the single preparing, cleaning and-bleaching operations in one single; process, the complicated cleaning operation distributed ,overaplurality of baths hitherto usual thus be ing unnecessary. v

, Apart from those fibers which may be placed under the general heading of textile fibers, and consisting for example of Wool, silk, seed, bast, fruit'leaistraw,Wood and other cellulose fibers,

it is also possible to clean with the method according to the invention other products or ma- "terials 'such as feathers, hair, furs, etc.

lg'lxamples of the sol vent employed are quoted i th iipll w ne;

Example 1. 40 parts of a 6% tragacanth solution are mixed with 15 parts of a 10% carrag heen or Irish moss mucous solution and 10 parts' of a 3 agar agfar solution andstirred with 25 parts of'a mixture composedio'i heavy benzine and trichlo rethylene, the specific weight of which at 'l 5 is little more than'1i,'forjinstance,

a; mixture composed of 60% heavy ,benzine halying fOHSQ/MfspeCific weighfiand "40%"t1ihli ethylene. After the additionof a solution of f2 parts oxalic acid iand 11 part sodium Ib slilphite in 6 parts" of water vigorous stirrin g'jsperi "med, and when a homogeneous emulsion Len obtain'ed'one part of a mixture isfaddedfcompr formalin 'andjbutylalc'oholjin equ'al partsg Example 2.Afurther emulsion having a co 1-1 siderable solvent addition is produced by iinixir'l'g 3 5 parts or a 9% tragacanth solutionjtvi'thja lutioncom'prisingl part tartarica'cid'andbpa is i ur, i a s of ter an smrm m 4511p ts of "a solvent.rni turepomposed of equal parts offheavyjbenzine and tr hl'o'reth'ylen It willlbe understood that "no"res'trict1o ma t the qific' t id s ibsdjbri t the examples above quotedjbut thi t various 'modifi cations are ,quite possible @withinth'e m 'j'of the ."annexed claim without 'departing'from the spiritjoI the"invention. I a I v p U as new and desire to secur'e'by LettersPat tisz I V 'Acleaning and purifying medium, fo r an" "al and. vegetabletext'ile fibers and substancefs, corisisting of 'an emulsion mixable'with water nd comprising an aqueous solution jof an aci ed as the 'dispersion medium, .a volatil'e water L- mi' c' bie o -1 fa f o it sd ast sfi 'r' e'd substance, a' vegetable mucous substance acting asa' thickening medium andi'used as the stabilizer of the emulsion, and sourfmilk;

C R I WILHELM wnicKEir.

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